Turnitin is an Internet-based plagiarism-prevention service created by iParadigms, LLC,
first launched in 1997. Typically, universities and high schools buy licenses to submit essays
to the Turnitin website, which checks the documents for unoriginal content. The
results can be used to identify similarities to existing sources or can be used
in formative assessment to
help students learn how to avoid plagiarism and improve their writing. Students may be required by schools to submit
essays to Turnitin, as a deterrent to
plagiarism. This has been a source of criticism, with some students refusing to
do so in the belief that requiring it constitutes a presumption of guilt.
Additionally, critics have alleged that use of the software violates
educational privacy and intellectual property
laws.
Parent company iParadigms LLC, also
offers a similar plagiarism detection service for newspaper editors, book and
magazine publishers called iThenticate, and runs the informational
website Plagiarism.org. Other tools included with the Turnitin suite are GradeMark (online grading and feedback) and PeerMark
(peer review) services. Turnitin released the WriteCycle Suite on February 3,
2009. WriteCycle bundles the Originality Checking service with its GradeMark
online grading tools and PeerMark tools. Turnitin released Turnitin2 on
September 4, 2010, dropping the "WriteCycle" nomenclature.
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